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中性甜玉米饮料增稠剂的筛选及稳定性研究

时间:2022-12-21 12:20:02 公文范文 来源:网友投稿

摘 要 以pH中性的甜玉米饮料为研究对象,通过单因素实验筛选出中性条件下稳定性作用显著、高温耐热的亲水胶体,对其进行正交试验分析,并对优化的甜玉米饮料增稠剂配方进行验证试验;同时,研究其黏度、贮藏稳定性和流变学特性,采用模糊数学法对产品质量进行感官指标综合评价。结果表明:玉米原汁含量20%的中性甜玉米饮料稳定剂的最佳配方为黄原胶 ∶ 海藻酸钠 ∶ 魔芋胶=0.03‰ ∶ 0.01‰ ∶ 0.06‰,离心沉淀率为3.50%,黏度为27.20 mPa·s;通过此配方生产产品,可以极大地减少增稠剂用量、降低生产成本,从而提高产品的商品性、经济性;最终产品体系均一,适口性好,具有独特的甜玉米风味。

关键词 甜玉米饮料;亲水胶体;正交试验;中性

中图分类号 TS201.1 文献标识码 A

Screening and Stability of Neutral Sweet Corn Beverage Thickener

CHENG Yuan, LIU Zhongyi*, WU Jijun, YU Yuanshan, XU Yujuan, XIAO Gengsheng

1 College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China

2 Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences /

Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture / Guangdong Key Laboratory of

Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510610, China

Abstract Sweet corn beverage that consists of solid particles suspended is an unstable colloidal suspension. In this work, a study was undertaken on the statically layered rate and formulation of the beverage. Meanwhile, the viscosity and rheological properties were described. Sensory evaluation on the quality of sweet maize beverage was conducted by applying fuzzy mathematics method. The colloids with stable stability, neutral stability and heat resistance under acidic conditions were screened out using a single factor experiment and an orthogonal test. In conclusion, a blend stabilizer consisting of xanthan, sodium alginate and konjac gum in ratio of 0.03‰ ∶ 0.01‰ ∶ 0.06‰ was taken as the juice stabilizer which had the lowest serum separation and highest viscosity during storage compared with the juice containing other stabilizers. Moreover, sensory evaluation demonstrated that the beverage received the highest score in terms of color, mouth feel, homogeneity and overall quality.

Key words Sweet corn beverage; hydrophilic colloids; orthogonal test; neutral

doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.08.028

甜玉米因其風味独特、含有类胡萝卜素、维生素、多酚及膳食纤维等多种营养成分,近年来深受广大消费者青睐。广东省是国内最先生产甜玉米的省份,2014年种植面积达22.0万hm2,其种植面积占全国种植面积的66%以上,占全世界种植面积的14%左右[1]。随着种植面积和产量的不断增加,以甜玉米为原料开发了系列加工产品如甜玉米罐头[2-3]、速冻玉米粒[4]、鲜榨甜玉米浆[5]和甜玉米饮料[6]等。

甜玉米饮料作为新型饮品将营养与时尚相结合,满足现代人快节奏的生活、营养和心理需求[7],更受广大消费者的欢迎。目前主要是在餐饮店将其打浆榨汁后直接饮用,商品化的保质期较长的甜玉米饮品则较少。该产品主要技术难点为饮料呈pH中性,对加工生产环境要求较高,处理不当容易因产气胀罐或滋生平盖菌而出现酸败现象,这要求采用高温杀菌工艺才能使其长期保存;而采取此工艺时,由于甜玉米富含蛋白质、淀粉、纤维素等大分子物质,杀菌后这些成分在重力作用下易发生沉降[8],所以经过杀菌的甜玉米饮料在贮藏过程中易出现析水分层、聚结和絮凝沉淀现象[9],致使产品感官品质降低。目前已有学者就不同稳定剂对单一或复合玉米饮料及产品品质的影响做过一些研究工作[10-13],但对复合稳定剂作用的pH条件及杀菌前后其性能变化方面的研究却报道较少。因此,本研究对多种亲水胶体的热稳定性进行了研究,以期筛选出中性条件下稳定性作用显著、高温耐热的亲水胶体,在此基础上进行稳定剂复配实验,利用不同亲水胶体间的协同作用增效,以减少其用量,降低成本,提高产品商品性。

推荐访问:增稠剂 筛选 稳定性 饮料 甜玉米

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